The Recreation Guide Series of the Pacific Northwest Region, U.S. Forest Service
By Peter L. Stark
“It would be perfectly easy to show that recreation was in fact the original and primary purpose in the creation of public forests.”
-Frank A. Waugh, Recreation Uses on the National Forests. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service; U.S. Government Printing Office, 1918, Page 4. (Frank Albert Waugh (1869-1943), pioneer American landscape architect)-
Introduction
The North Pacific Region (Region 6) of the United States Forest Service (after 1949 the Pacific Northwest Region), embraces the national forests in the states of Oregon and Washington. During the Great Depression of the 1930s, Region 6, based in Portland, Oregon, launched an ambitious and comprehensive recreational mapping program. Of the Forest Service’s ten regions in existence during the 1930s, no other region had such an ambitious program of recreation map publication. Several Forest Service regions initiated a recreation map series or produced tour guides, but not on the scale of the Pacific Northwest Region.
The purpose of this article with its complete descriptive inventory of the Recreation Guides will provide readers with a better understanding of the extent of this important western mapping program of the 1930s and thereby enable map library staff to identify numbers in the Recreation Guide series and hopefully motivate staff to catalog guides in their collections. The Seattle Branch of the National Archives of the United States appears to be the only repository that has a complete collection of these ephemeral Recreation Guides for both Oregon and Washington. Other libraries and institutions have been found to possess only incomplete sets, but it is encouraging to see that over the past five years or so, institutions holding recreation guides, such as the State Library of Oregon, have cataloged their holdings. Numbers in the series occasionally come up for sale on online auctions but the bidding can be quite competitive due to their rarity and popularity among map collectors.
The recreation guide series: purpose and formats
First, it is important to mention that the Recreation Guide maps produced by Region 6 of the Forest Service should be distinguished from the fully-edited, finished and folded forest visitor maps published by the Forest Service for the public in conjunction in partnership with the U.S. Government Printing Office. These were compiled with large or intermediate scales, often in color, with many panels of descriptive text on their versos. Examples of this type of map area shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1: Forest visitor maps from the early 1930s issued by Region 6 of the Forest Service. From left to right: Siuslaw National Forest, 1933 issued in 1934; Crater National Forest, 1930, hand stamped “Rogue River” on the panel title (shown) and inside title made after the name change of July 9, 1932; Cascade National Forest, 1930; Wallowa National Forest, 1931; Olympic National Forest, 1930. All these maps use red to show main roads, campgrounds, and special areas, such as game preserves and primitive areas.
The purpose of the Recreation Guide Series issued by Region 6 was to quickly put recreation information and maps of the region’s most popular areas into the hands of the public. A few of guides were printed by the U.S. Government Printing Office, but the majority were printed locally and not distributed to depository libraries. The guides were printed on average quality paper and were not expected to survive for long periods of time like those forest visitor maps shown in Figure 1. Their essential characteristic was their speedy production and high information content. They were quickly made, quickly published, and quickly revised and reissued.
The Forest Service issued approximately 70 different titles in the Region’s Recreation Guide series issued between 1934 and 1941. However, one number, Trails on Slopes of Mount Hood, Mount Hood National Forest, Oregon (Guide No. 41) was reprinted several times until the final printing in 1961. The Recreation Guide Series consisted of two numbered series, one for Oregon (41 titles) and another for Washington (29 titles), in three basic formats. Initially, from 1934 to 1935, Region Six published its first recreation guides in an 8.5 x 11-inch format with mimeographed booklets of various lengths and a black & white map with a blank reverse, appended, often stapled, at the end of the booklet. Over time, booklets and their maps could and often did become separated from each other. Examples of the front panel titles of these early recreation guides are included here in Figures 2 and 3.
Figure 2: Front title panel of the first Recreation Guide issued by Region Six in the 8.5 x 11-inch recreation booklet format. Dated Dec. 10, 1934, the booklet was not assigned a number. But, because it was the first recreation guide to be published for Oregon, it was first referenced as “Recreation Guide A” by the Forest Service and later as “Oregon Guide No. 1” in other listings. Cartographer Kenneth E. Banks drew the black and white map (designated as page 8) on the right. It appeared at the end of the 7-page text, with text and map stapled together. Note the ferry routes on U.S. Highway 101 from Reedsport to Gardiner on the Umpqua River and across the Siuslaw River from Glenada to Florence before the bridges over these two rivers were completed less than two years later. The newly bridged U.S. Highway 101 was described and mapped on the 1936 Oregon Recreation Guide No. 31. (University of Washington Library copy).
Figure 3: Covers of the 8.5 x 11-inch booklet-style for early first editions of Oregon Recreation Guide No. 15 and Washington Recreation Guide No. 6 both dated 1935. In addition to text (3 pages for both the Diamond Lake Recreation Guide and the Recreation Guide Spirit Lake District), the Guides in this format also included a map stapled to the back of the booklet that was usually uncolored. A colored edition of the Spirit Lake Recreation Guide and map with 6 panels of text on its verso dated 1936 is shown in Figure 5. The map found in the 8 ½ x 11-inch Spirit booklet of 1935 is black & white. The mimeographed covers have faded with age. (University of Washington Library copies).
From late 1935 into early 1936, a transitional type of recreation guide appeared. These replaced the 8.5 x 11-inch booklets with a single folded sheet of the same size with a map on one side and three panels of text and illustrations on the other. Examples of this style are found for the recreation guides for Oregon guides numbers 5, 14, and 16 and Washington State guides numbers 15, 17, and 18. A few numbers of this type of recreation guide did not have text on their reverse sides. Finally, the most common format of recreation guide was introduced in 1936 are shown in Figures 4 and 5, where the map appears on one side and six panels of text, and illustrations (with three folds) are found on the back of the map.
Figure 4: Examples of four numbers in the Recreation Guide series all dated 1936 for national forests in Washington state in 13.5 x 10.5-inch (unfolded) format. In some instances, photographs replaced drawings on the front covers in later editions. From left to right: Spirit Lake Recreation Area, Guide No. 6. (cover drawing shows the lake and Mt. St. Helens beyond – note the similarity of this drawing with that found on the cover of the Spirit Lake booklet in Figure 3, fully opened guide shown in Figure 5,; Skykomish Recreation Area, Guide No. 14; Quinault Lake Recreation Guide, Guide No. 23; and Lake Crescent Recreation Area, Guide No. 19.
Description
Of the map type shown in Figure 4, the most popular numbers were often reprinted, especially those for the Mount Hood and Columbia (now Gifford Pinchot) National Forests. A few had slight changes in their titles from the initial 8.5 x 11-inch booklet style guide. Title panels usually carried a drawing and other information, but some Guides had no text and were not issued folded, such as Oregon Guide No. 8 for the Columbia River Gorge and Washington Guide No. 24 for the Olympic National Forest. Black & white photographs often replaced line drawings on guide title panels in printings after 1936. The folders opened to a map, often with color highlighting a particular area, such as the “huckleberry area” in red on the Twin Buttes Recreation Area map, (Guide No. 5, Washington) or with a green layer identifying national forest land, as seen in the Spirit Lake Recreation Area map, (Guide No. 6, Washington) shown in Figure 5.
Figure 5: Unfolded Spirit Lake Recreation Guide, showing an area that was so drastically changed by the eruption of Mt. St. Helens on May 18, 1980. The note below the pictorial rendition of Mt. St. Helens states that “Last eruption of Mount St. Helens occurred Nov. 23, 1842.” The map, in the larger 13.5 x 10.5-inch format was made in March of 1936 by V.H.L. who so far has not been identified. Note pictorial representations of topography, recreation information, and Forest Service facilities.
Orientation could be in any direction depending on the area mapped. The McKenzie Recreation Area map, (Guide No. 3, Oregon), positioned North on the left and East at the top to show the route of the McKenzie Highway, starting at Blue River at the bottom of the map in the west to McKenzie Pass in the east at the top. Relief was often shown pictorially as were other thematic features like shelters, fire lookouts, and campgrounds. In two cases, a new title replaced an earlier title as when the Nooksack Recreation Area guide, first issued as Washington Guide No. 15 replaced the Cle Elum Recreation Guide as a revised Washington Guide No. 26. This also occurred with Washington Guide No. 28, Leavenworth Winter Sports Area, that was replaced with Stillaguamish Sauk-Suiattle Recreation Areas in 1938. Such changes are noted in the listing of Recreation Guides included here.
The Forest Service had planned an Oregon Recreation Guide No. 20 with the title, Deschutes Game Preserve, Deschutes National Forest. This information was discovered on the contents sheet bound with a collection of Recreation Guides held by the Seattle Branch of the National Archives. The Deschutes Game Refuge was centered on the Paulina Mountains south of Bend, Oregon, an area partially covered by Oregon Guide No. 13, Bend Recreation Area, Deschutes National Forest. Because of the geographic overlap, the Forest Service probably decided that a separate guide for the Deschutes Game Refuge was not needed. In another numbering anomaly however, Oregon Guide No. 26, Redwood Hw’y Recreation Area, Siskiyou National Forest, Oregon & California, issued in January 1936 was mistakenly marked as Recreation Guide No. 20. The Recreation Guide Series contained inconsistencies in its numbering system that have been challenging to discover.
Maps issued by Region 6 in the same format as the Recreation Guides
Issued after 1936 in the Recreation Guide Series’ most common format (see Figure 4) are five ranger district maps dated 1938 for
the Willamette National Forest and three ranger district maps of the same date for the Malheur National Forest. These ranger district maps are not numbered and are not part of the larger series of Recreation Guide maps but are in the same format. Two color index maps to the Recreation Guide appeared in 1936, one for western Oregon and another for Washington state. Two other maps issued in the same format but not a part of the Recreation Guide Series have also been discovered. In 1936, Region Six supported the National Association of Scientific Angling Clubs’ (N.A.S.A.C.) annual fishing tournament held in that year throughout western Oregon by issuing a tournament route map. With the title, Fishing and Scenic Caravan, Western Oregon, Annual N.A.S.A.C. Tournament, August 17 – 23, 1936, Special Edition, compliments of North Pacific Region, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Region – 6, the map was based on the unnumbered Index to Recreation Maps, Western Oregon, that showed an area from the eastern slope of the Cascade Range to the Pacific Ocean. About 1939, the association changed its name to the National Association of Angling and Casting Clubs and since 1960, it has been known as the American Casting Association.
In reviewing the holdings of Recreation Guides in the National Archives at Seattle, a special unnumbered pamphlet/map uniform in size and format as all other numbers in the series was found with the title, Summer Homes in the National Forests of Oregon and Washington in two editions, 1936 and 1938. Unfolding the pamphlet revealed a map of Oregon and Washington identifying locations in the national forests where summer homes could be acquired through lease agreements. This text part of this special publication is illustrated in Figure 6.
Figure 6: Unfolded verso of a map of Oregon and Washington showing locations where summer homes sites within the national forests may be secured with an explanation of the Summer Homes program on the verso. Like the map, Fishing and Scenic Caravan, Western Oregon, Annual N.A.S.A.C. Tournament, August 17 – 23, 1936, and ranger district maps of the Malheur and Willamette National Forests, these unnumbered maps were issued in the same format as Recreation Guide Series but were not part of the Series.
The map makers
Cartographers on staff in the Regional Office in Portland were responsible for several numbers in the Recreation Guide series, such as Kenneth E. Banks, Virgil A. Byers, Frank F. Flack, and Warden W. Gano. These have been identified through their work on other mapping, but most cartographers, graphic designers, and artists who composed and drew the maps and supplied the text for the Recreation Guides remain unknown. It is probable that they were Works Progress Administration, later Works Projects Administration (W.P.A.) employees assigned to temporary positions with the Forest Service. Indeed, the November 1936 Forest Service Directory includes, for the first time, an “Emergency Work Office (ECW, ERA, WPA)” in the Engineering Division in the North Pacific Regional Office, the same division where the Maps and Survey Section was located on the organizational chart. The maps have compilation dates and locations where the maps were made, with worker’s names expressed with initials. One will not find a first, middle, or last name on any recreation guide map, even for the permanent cartographic staff of Region 6. The initials KE.B., standing for Kenneth E. Banks a career cartographer with the Forest Service, can be found on the map in Figure 2. Oregon guides and the guides for areas on the east side of the Cascade Range in Washington State relied on the Portland Regional Office staff for their construction while Washington state guides west of the Cascade Range were mostly produced by Forest Service staff stationed at Forest Supervisor Headquarters in Vancouver, Seattle, Olympia, and Bellingham, Washington, based on compilation statements found on the maps themselves.
Some maps were later reprinted by other governmental agencies, like the Skagit County Planning Commission, but it appears from the publication record that the Forest Service stopped printing most of the guides by 1941. A commercial company reproduced several recreation guides in a “Sportsman’s Directory” edition that included listings of “Resorts – Auto Courts – Hotels – Services.” These were printed with blue ink. The very last reprinting of a recreation guide can be found in the 1961 issue of Oregon Guide No. 41, Trails on Slopes of Mount Hood, 1961, Mount Hood National Forest. This map is an anomaly since it was produced in a much larger format than the diminutive 7 x 3.5-inch folded map as were the earlier numbers in the guide series from the 1930s.
Conclusion
The significance of the Recreation Guide series can be found in their historic nature, coming at a time of great change for the Pacific Northwest and the nation. The maps identify the most popular recreation areas in Oregon and Washington, highlight the growing ski industry, especially on Mount Hood with its recently opened Timberline Lodge, and feature popular road trips that could then be made on newly improved highways into the national forests. Washington Guide No. 24, “Olympic National Forest” constructed in 1937 and revised in May, 1938, shows the many different administrative boundaries within the Olympic National Forest that would dramatically change and even disappear with the establishment of the Olympic National Park in June of 1938, such as the boundaries of the highly dispersed Olympic Primitive Area. Oregon Guide No. 31, “Oregon Coast Highway Recreation Areas, 1936” shows the route of U.S. Highway 101 from Coos Bay to Tillamook, Oregon and includes drawings of the five new highway bridges built
over the bays and river estuaries on the coast along with their dedication dates. U.S. Highway 101 along the Oregon coast with its dramatic bridges remains a highly popular tourist route. And, perhaps more importantly, the Recreation Guides convey a sense of optimism that travel, tourism, and outdoor pursuits would help revitalize the economy and lift the spirits of the people during the decade of the Great Depression through outdoor recreation.
Listing of Recreation Guides
Due to the Recreation Guides’ variable nature, a simple listing of the titles in their numerical order with brief notes seems to be the best way to present
this series. The listing is separated for each state and are listed in numerical order in two separate numbering sequences. The titles are those that appear on the unfolded sheet, the side with the map, and not the folded panel title that can often be different from the inside map title. Following the date of the first edition of a particular guide is its numerical designation. WorldCat (OCLC) numbers are provided when available.
OREGON RECREATION GUIDES
Recreation Guide, Oregon Coast Highway, Florence – Gardiner Section, Siuslaw National Forest, Oregon. Dec. 10, 1934. Guide A. [No. 1]. 8.5 x 11-inch format, 7-page booklet with black & white map/blank verso. Reprinted 1935 in same format. OCLC: 85232563. See Figure 2. This guide was not reformatted or reissued.
Recreation Guide, Florence – Waldport Section, Siuslaw National Forest, Oregon. March 27, 1935. Guide No. 2. 8.5 x 11-inch format, 7-page booklet with black & white map with type script text on verso.
McKenzie Recreation Area, Willamette National Forest, Oregon. April, 1935. Guide No. 3. 8.5 x 11-inch format, 11-page booklet with black & white map/blank verso. Corrected April 17, 1936 and reprinted 1936 in color in 13.5 x 10.5-inch format. OCLC (1936): 986537985
South Santiam – Fish Lake Recreation Area, Willamette National Forest, Oregon. May, 1935. Guide No. 4. 8.5 x 11-inch format, 9-page booklet with black & white map/blank verso. Corrected May, 1936 and reprinted 1936 in color in 13.5 x 10.5- inch format, with new title, South Santiam – Clear Lake Recreation Area, Willamette National Forest, Oregon. OCLC (1936): 987303204
Lake-of-the-Woods and Vicinity Recreation Area, Rogue River National Forest, Oregon. June 1935. Guide No. 5. 8.5 x 11- inch format, 5-page booklet with black and white map/blank verso. Reprinted 1936 in color in 8.5 x 11-inch format, with text on verso and with new title, Lake of the Woods and Vicinity, Recreation Area, Rogue River National Forest, Oregon. OCLC (1935): 85261061
Medford – Diamond Lake Highway and Vicinity, Recreation Guide, Rogue River and Umpqua National Forests, Oregon. 1935. Guide No. 6. 8.5 x 11-inch format, 5-page booklet with black & white map/blank verso. Reprinted 1936 in color in 8.5 x 11-inch format, without text on verso. OCLC (1935): 987303253; (1936): 85232550
Olallie Lakes Recreation Area, Mount Hood National Forest, Oregon. June 1935. Guide No. 7. 8.5 x 11-inch format, color, with text on verso. [Corrected] Mar. 4 1936 and reprinted 1936 in 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color with text on verso. OCLC (1935): 85261097; (1936): 85261093
Columbia Gorge Recreation Area and Vicinity, Mount Hood National Forest, Oregon. 1935. Guide No. 8. Black & white map, 9 x 13 inches, no text on verso, flat. Reprinted 1938? in color (blue Columbia River) with text on verso, folded to 9 x 4.5 inches. OCLC (1938?): 85232547
Box Canyon Loop Recreation Area, Willamette National Forest, Oregon. June 1935. Guide No. 9. 8.5 x 11-inch format, 6-page booklet with black & white map/blank verso. Corrected March 11, 1936 and reprinted 1936 in 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color, with text on verso. OCLC (1935): 85261055; (1936) 950013949
Oakridge – Willamette River Recreation Area, Willamette National Forest, Oregon. August 1935. Guide No. 10. 8.5 x 11-inch format, 8-page booklet with black & white map/blank verso. Corrected February 1936 and reprinted 1936 and in 1938 in 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, black & white with text on verso.
Sisters Recreation Area, Deschutes National Forest, Oregon. July 1935. Guide No. 11. 8.5 x 11-inch format, 11-page booklet with black & white map/blank verso. Corrected March 1936 and reprinted 1936 in 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. OCLC (1936): 949855963
North Santiam – Hog Pass Recreation Area, Willamette National Forest, Oregon. August. 4, 1935. Guide No. 12. 8.5 x 11- inch format, 9-page booklet with black & white map/blank verso. Corrected May 1936 and reprinted 1936 in 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, black & white map with text on verso and with new title, North Santiam Recreation Area, Willamette National Forest, Oregon. OCLC (1936): 138483370
Bend Recreation Area, Deschutes National Forest, Oregon. August 1935. Guide No. 13. 8.5 x 11-inch format, 14 page booklet with color map/blank verso. Corrected May 1936 and reprinted 1936 in same larger format, in color with text on verso. OCLC (1936): 85232539
Rogue River Recreation Area, Siskiyou National Forest, Oregon. August 1935. Guide No. 14. 8.5 x 11-inch format, color map with text on verso. Corrected September 4, 1935 and June 11, 1936 and reprinted in same format and with new title, Lower Rogue River Recreation Area, Siskiyou National Forest, Oregon. OCLC (1935): 85232535
Diamond Lake – North Umpqua Recreation Area, Umpqua National Forest, Oregon. August 1935. Guide No. 15. 8.5 x 11- inch format, 3-page booklet, color map/blank verso. See Figure 3. [Corrected] August 1936 and reprinted 1936 in 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. For cover of first edition booklet-type recreation guide.
Fall Creek Recreation Area, Willamette National Forest, Oregon. March 6, 1936. Guide No. 16. 8.5 x 11-inch format, color map with text on verso. Printed in both black & white and in green & white. OCLC: 987303883
Crescent Recreation Area, Deschutes National Forest, Oregon. April 23, 1936. Guide No. 17. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. OCLC: 987303569
Murderers Cr. and Deer Cr. Hunting Area, Malheur National Forest, Oregon. September 1935. Guide No. 18. 8.5 x 11- inch format, 5-page booklet, color map/blank verso. Corrected to September 1936 and reprinted 1936 in larger 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, in both color and black & white editions with text on verso. OCLC: 85232527
Canyon Creek Game Reserve, Open to Hunting with Bow and Arrow Only, Malheur National Forest, Oregon. September 1935. Guide No. 19. 8.5 x 11-inch format, 5-page booklet, color map/blank verso. [Corrected] September 4, 1936 and reprinted 1936 with larger 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso and with new title, Canyon Creek Archers Reserve, Open to Hunting with Bow and Arrow Only, Malheur National Forest, Oregon. OCLC (1935): 987304119; (1936): 85232525
[Intended]. Recreation Guide No. 20, Deschutes Game Preserve, Deschutes National Forest, Oregon was never published. Area largely covered by Oregon Guide No. 13. Recreation Guide No. 26 Redwood Hw’y Recreation Area, Siskiyou National Forest, Oregon and California, 1936 designated “Guide No. 20 – Oregon” on its folded panel title by mistake.
Mount Hood National Forest Winter Sports Area, South Side Unit. December 13, 1935. Guide No. 21. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. Reprinted 1938, 1939, 1941, 1947. Reprint of 1939 has title, Winter Sports Area, South Side Unit. OCLC (1936): 85232522; (1939): 85232452
Steamboat – Little River Recreation Guide, Umpqua National Forest, Oregon. January 15, 1936. Guide No. 22. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. Corrected August 14, 1936 and reprinted later in 1936 in the same format. OCLC: 987304181
Bohemia Recreation Area, Umpqua National Forest, Oregon. January 1936. Guide No. 23. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. OCLC: 34785472
Anthony Lakes Recreation Area, Whitman National Forest, Oregon. February 7, 1936. Guide No. 24. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. Corrected to August 1937 and reprinted 1937 in same format, text on verso, black & white map. OCLC (1936): 949853760
Eagle Cap Primitive Area, Wallowa and Whitman National Forests, Oregon. June 5, 1936. Guide No. 25. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. [Revised] October 1937 and reprinted in 1938 with a reference in the Government Printing Office’s Monthly Catalog (U.S. GPO) No. 520 (April 1938), page 437. Revised January 1942 and reprinted in 1942 in black & white map in same format. OCLC (1936): 987304267; (1938): 85261053
Redwood Hw’y Recreation Area, Siskiyou National Forest, Oregon & California. January 1936. Guide No. 26. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. Some maps mistakenly printed with “Recreation Guide No. 20” on its folded title panel. OCLC: 987303968
Ukiah Recreation Area, Umatilla National Forest, Oregon. Mar. 13, 1936. Guide No. 27. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. Map mistakenly printed with “Recreation Guide No. 26” below its inside map title.
North End Recreation Area, Siskiyou National Forest. June 15, 1936. Guide No. 28. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. OCLC: 987304271
Oregon Coast Highway Section, Siskiyou National Forest. April 8, 1936. Guide No. 29. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. Revised June 1938 and reprinted 1938 in same format but with a blank verso. OCLC (1936): 987304365
Northern Blue Mountains Recreation Area, Umatilla National Forest, Oregon. April 22, 1936. Guide No. 30. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. OCLC: 950032122
Oregon Coast Highway Recreation Areas, Siuslaw National Forest, Oregon. April 28, 1936. Guide No. 31 “Bridge Dedication Issue” 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. In red, map shows main highways, highway numbers, and dates of bridge openings along U.S. Highway 101, extending from Coos Bay north to Tillamook encompassing all five new highway bridges built across rivers and estuaries in the early 1930s. OCLC: 32687121
La Grande – Tollgate Recreation Area, Umatilla National Forest, Oregon. 1935. Guide No. 32. 8.5 x 11- inch format, 5-page booklet, color map/blank verso. Corrected to May 21, 1936 and reprinted 1936 in larger 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. OCLC (1936): 949908476
Fremont Recreation Area, Fremont National Forest, Oregon. June 8, 1936. Guide No. 33. 8.5 x 11-inch format, 12-page booklet, entitled, Recreation Guide, Fremont National Forest, Oregon, 1936, color map/blank verso. Revised September 1939 and reprinted 1939 in larger 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. OCLC (1936): 987304323
Detroit – Breitenbush Recreation Area, Willamette National Forest, Oregon. July 25, 1936. Guide No. 34. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. OCLC: 138624927
Oregon Skyline Trail: Pacific Crest System, Oregon. August 18, 1936. Guide No. 35. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. (full citation in Part VIII, Section C 1 Oregon). OCLC: 32657730
South Umpqua Recreation Area, Umpqua National Forest, Oregon. September 1936. Guide No. 36. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso.
Ochoco Recreation Area, Ochoco National Forest, Oregon. September 1936. Guide No. 37. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. OCLC: 85232520
Oregon Cascade Lakes Recreation Area, Deschutes and Fremont National Forests, Oregon. 1937. Guide No. 38. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso.
Breitenbush Loop Recreation Area, Mt. Hood & Willamette National Forests, Oregon. October 1936. Guide No. 39. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. Printed with “1938” on folded panel title. OCLC (1938): 85232517
Mount Hood Recreation Area, Mt. Hood National Forest, Oregon. 1938. Guide No. 40. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso.
Trails on Slopes of Mount Hood, Mount Hood National Forest, Oregon. 1939. Guide No. 41. This recreation guide has a slightly larger format than others in the series and was reprinted in 1947, 1951 & 1961. OCLC (1947): 856012632
Index to Recreation Maps, Western Oregon. Sept. 28 1936. Unnumbered. Issued in color, flat, 14 x 10-inch format with blank verso. An index to Eastern Oregon Recreation maps has not been located. OCLC: 85232561
WASHINGTON RECREATION GUIDES
Cariboo Trail Recreation Area, Tonasket Sector, Colville National Forest, Washington. June 1935. Guide No. 1. 8.5 x 11-inch format, 9-page booklet with color map/blank verso. OCLC: 85232594
Republic Recreation Area, Colville National Forest Washington. July 1935. Guide No. 2. 8.5 x 11-inch format, 8-page booklet with color map/blank verso. OCLC: 85232591
Kettle Falls Recreation Area, Colville National Forest, Washington. August 1935. Guide No. 3. “Inland Empire Highway.” 8.5 x 11-inch format, 10-page booklet with color map/blank verso. Together, Washington State Guides 1, 2, and 3 provide coverage of the entire Colville National Forest from Tonasket in the west to Kettle Falls in the east.
Recreation Guide, Wind River Recreation Section, Columbia National Forest. March 1935. Guide No. 4. 8.5 x 11-inch format, 2-page booklet with color map/blank verso. [Corrected] March 1936 and March 1937 and reprinted 1936, 1938 & 1939, color, in 13.5 x 10.5-inch format with text on verso and with new title, Wind River Recreation Area, Columbia National Forest, Washington.
Recreation Guide, Twin Buttes Huckleberry Area, Columbia National Forest. March 1935. Guide No. 5. 8.5 x 11-inch format, 3-page booklet with black & white map/blank verso. Revised March 1936, December 1936 and corrected to August 1937. Reprinted 1936, 1937, 1938, and 1939, in 13.5 x 10.5-inch format with map and text on verso with new title Twin Buttes Recreation Area, Columbia National Forest, Washington. 1936 edition uses red to show huckleberry gathering areas, while the later editions show the areas in a patterned black. OCLC (1938): 69605982
Spirit Lake Recreation Guide, Columbia National Forest, Washington. June 1935. Guide No. 6. 8.5 x 11-inch format, 3-page booklet, black & white map/blank verso. [Revised] March 1936, March 1938, and May 1940 and reprinted 1936, 1938, 1940 & 1941, in larger 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. 1940 reprint is in black & white. OCLC (1936): 949813663. See Figures 3, 4 and 5.
Recreation Guide, Packwood Lake Section, Columbia National Forest. March 1935. Guide No. 7. 8.5 x 11-inch format, 3-page booklet, black & white map/blank verso. Revised June 3, 1936 and corrected to March 1938 and reprinted 1936, 1939 & 1941, in larger 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso with new title, Packwood Recreation Area, Columbia National Forest, Washington.
Recreation Guide, Randle Recreation Area, Columbia National Forest. [April] 1935. Guide No. 8. 8.5 x 11-inch format, 3-page booklet, black & white map/blank verso. Revised January 1936 and July 1937 and reprinted 1936, 1937, 1939, & 1941 in larger 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso with new title: Randle Recreation Area, Columbia National Forest, Washington. OCLC (1939): 19877934
Recreation Guide, Sunset Recreation Area, Wind River District, Columbia National Forest. 1935. Guide No. 9. 8.5 x 11-inch format, 2-page booklet, black & white map/verso blank. Considering its relationship with Recreation Guide No. 4 – Wind River Recreation Area, Columbia National Forest, Washington, this guide has been seen marked by hand as “Recreation Guide No. 4a.” Revised May 19, 1936, April 7, 1937 and reprinted 1936, 1938, 1939, and 1944 in larger 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso with new title Goat Rocks Primitive Area, Columbia National Forest, Washington, 1936. Reprints have as their folded panel title: “Goat Rocks Recreation Area, Columbia National Forest.”
Mount Adams Recreation Guide, Columbia National Forest, Washington. June 1935. Guide No. 10. 8.5 x 11-inch format, 3- page booklet, black & white/verso blank. Revised March 1936, December 1936, August 1937, April 1938 and reprinted 1936, 1938, 1939 and 1944 in larger 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. Reprints have panel title: Mount Adams Recreation Area, Columbia National Forest, Washington. 1944 edition emphasizes trails on Mt. Adams. OCLC (1936): 85232574.
Leavenworth Recreation Area, Wenatchee National Forest, Washington. May 20, 1936. Guide No. 11. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. OCLC: 949853880
Tieton Recreation Area, Snoqualmie National Forest, Washington. March 1936. Guide No. 12. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. OCLC: 949859625
White River & Naches Recreation Area, Snoqualmie National Forest, Washington. August 1935. Guide No. 13. 8.5 x 11-inch format, 9-page booklet in various paginations, black & white map/blank verso. Corrected to August 1937 and reprinted 1937 in larger 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, black & white, no text on verso.
Recreation Guide of the Skykomish District, Snoqualmie National Forest, Washington. June 13, 1935. Guide No. 14. 8.5 x 11-inch format, 7-page booklet, of which black & white map/blank verso forms page 1. Revised May 1936 and reprinted 1936 in larger 13.5 x 10.5 format, color map with text on verso and with new title, Skykomish Recreation Area, Snoqualmie National Forest, Washington. See Figure 4. OCLC (1935): 85232572; (1936): 949813766
Nooksack Recreation Area, Mt. Baker National Forest, Washington. July 1935. Guide No. 15. 8.5 x 11-inch format, black & white map/blank verso. Text booklet for this guide has not been seen. Revised September 1936 and reprinted 1936, 1941, and 1954 in larger 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map, no text on verso. 1936 reprint mistakenly printed with “Recreation Guide No. 26” on its folded title panel, sometimes seen hand corrected, “26 15.” Panel title of the black & white, 1954 edition is is numbered “Recreation Guide No. 26.” OCLC (1935): 785750517; (1936): 85232569; (1941): 334935124; (1954): 940846795
Snow Peaks Recreation Area, Olympic National Forest, Washington. November 1935. Guide No. 16. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. Published in 1936. OCLC: 786175729
Quinault Lake Recreation Area, Olympic National Forest. June 1935. Guide No. 17. 8.5 x 11-inch format, color with 3-panel text on verso. Reprinted 1936 in larger 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with 6-panel text on verso. (see also Guide No. 23 below). OCLC (1935): 85261148; (1936): 19877915
Hood Canal Recreation Area, Olympic National Forest, Washington. July 1935. Guide No. 18. 8.5 x 11-inch format, 3-panel booklet, color map/blank verso. Reprinted 1936 in larger 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with 6-panel text on verso. OCLC (1935): 85261112; (1936): 1004426938
Lake Crescent Recreation Area, Olympic National Forest, Washington. 1936. Guide No. 19. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. OCLC: 1004778151 See Figure 4.
Wenatchee Lake Recreation Area, Wenatchee National Forest, Washington. August 1935. Guide No. 20. 8.5 x 11-inch format, color map/both blank and typescript text on verso. Revised February 7, 1936 and reprinted 1936 in larger 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso with new title, Lake Wenatchee Recreation Area, Wenatchee National Forest, Washington. OCLC (1936): 949853373
Lake Chelan Recreation Area, Chelan National Forest, Washington. August 1935. Guide No. 21. 8.5 x 11-inch format, color map/blank verso. Text booklet for this guide has not been seen. Corrected April 10,1936 and reprinted 1936 in larger 13.5 x10.5-inch format, color map with 6-panel text on verso. Cataloged, OCLC (1936): 85232567.
Baker River Recreation Area, Mt. Baker National Forest, Washington. August 1935. Guide No. 22. 8.5 x 11-inch format, black & white map with 3-panel text on verso. OCLC: 785750754
Quinault Lake Recreation Guide, Olympic National Forest, Washington. January 1936. Guide No. 23. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. Shows immediate lake area only. See also No. 17 which shows Quinault Lake and vicinity, covering a larger area. OCLC: 786175489 See Figure 4.
Olympic National Forest. November 23, 1937. Guide No. 24. Revised May 1938, September 1938 and February 1941 and printed in 1938 and 1941. Issued black & white, flat, 10.5 x 14-inch format without text on verso. OCLC (1938): 19877885
Heather Meadows Winter Sports Area, Mt. Baker National Forest, Washington. March 1936. Guide No. 25. 8.5 x 11-inch format, black & white with text on verso. Another edition printed in 1936 shows ski trails, parking areas, and first aid stations in red. OCLC: 785747054
Cle Elum Recreation Area, Wenatchee National Forest Washington. June 1, 1936. Guide No. 26. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. OCLC: 949853817. 1936 reprint of the Nooksack Recreation Area, Mt. Baker National Forest, Washington (Guide No. 15) mistakenly printed with “Recreation Guide No. 26” on its folded title panel, sometimes seen hand corrected, “26 15.” 1954 edition of the Nooksack Recreation Area is numbered “26” and is not corrected. OCLC (1954 ed): 940846795
Trail Riders Trip, Olympic National Forest, Washington. July 15, 1936. Guide No. 27. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, black & white map with text on verso.
Leavenworth Winter Sports Area, Wenatchee National Forest, Washington. November 19, 1936. Guide No. 28. 8.5 x 11-inch format, color map with text on verso. This 1936 Recreation Guide was replaced with the 1938 Guide described below.
Stillaguamish Sauk-Suiattle Recreation Areas, Mt. Baker National Forest, Washington. August 1938. Guide No. 28. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, color map with text on verso. Revised and reissued without date. Reprinted by the Skagit County Planning Commission in the late 1940s. OCLC (1938): 785737615
North Bend Recreation Area, Snoqualmie National Forest, Washington. March 1938. Guide No. 29. 13.5 x 10.5-inch format, black & white map with text on verso. OCLC: 85232513
Index to Recreation Maps, Washington. November 1936. Unnumbered. Issued in color, flat, 14 x 10-inch format with blank verso.
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This article has been revised and reformatted expressly for the readers of the Western Association of Map Libraries excerpted from
the larger work, Names, Boundaries, and Maps: A Resource for the Historical Geography of the National Forest System of the United States, The Pacific Northwest Region (Region 6). For the full work on the historical geography of the Forest Service and cartobibliographies of the Forest Service‘s mapping efforts for all its nine regions including Region 6, go the “Learning Library” page on the website of the National Museum of Forest Service History:
https://forestservicemuseum.org/learning-library
Peter L. Stark, Retired
Formerly, Head, Map and Aerial Photography Library
University of Oregon, 1983-1999
Past-President of WAML 1989/1990
P.O. Box 4625
Rollingbay, WA 98061
starkpls@gmail.com
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